Oil-burning heater.



W. C. ADAMS.

OIL BURNING HEATER.

APPLHCATION FILED JULY I. I916.

Patented Apr. 10,1917.

WILLIAM C. ADAMS, 01E UPLAND, CALIJEORNIA.

OIL-BURNING HEATER.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 1M1), 12M.

Application filed July i, 1916. Serial no. 107,185.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that T, WILLIAM C. ADAMS, a citizen of the United States, residing at Upland, in the county of San Bernardino and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Oil-Burning Heaters, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to oil burning heaters and is an improvement over my heater disclosed in my Patent No. 1,144,986, dated July 6, 1915.

The invention contemplates an improved crude oil burning heater adapted to supply a vaporized mixture of the proper relative proportions of oil and air to the combustion chamber of the heater so as to effect complete combustion of the fuel and produce an intense heat without smoke.

More particularly, the invention comprises improved means for properly vaporizing the crude oil with the air and for heating the vapor fuel so that it may be readily ignited in the combustion chamber.

Other meritorious features of the invention will appear in the following disclosure.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing which forms a part of this specification in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the heater and an oil supply tank to which the oil supply pipe of the heater is connected.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the heater taken on line -00 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the heater with the combustion chamber casing removed.

The heater comprises a fuel vaporizing chamber 1, a draft pocket 2 communicating with said chamber at one side thereof, a combustion chamber 3 located above said vaporizing chamber and an internal draft nozzle 4 arranged within said combustion chamber. A flanged cap plate 5 fits over the top of the chamber 1 which plate is provided with a circular opening 6, around which the plate is formed with an annular flange 7, over which fits the lower end of the combustion chamber casing 8, which casing is conical, converging upwardly. A slidable draft damper 9 is mounted on top of the pocket 2 which damper has a pair of guide arms 10 which extend under the plate 5 through a recess 11 in the flange of the plate. Air may be admitted when the damper is open, be tween the inner edge of the damper and the adjacent edge of the plate 5, into the pocket 2, and vaporizing chamber 1 where the oil fuel is vaporized, and then passes into the combustion chamber 3. A deflecting plate 12 is located at the top of the vaporizing chamber 1 and extends over the greater area of the plate opening 6, leaving a space 13 at the side of the opening nearest the pocket 2 for the admission of the vaporized fuel for combustion from the chamber 1. The plate is removably supported in position in the chamber by lugs 14 which fit in the notches 15 in the upper edge of two opposite walls of the chamber 1. The plate may be removed from the chamber for the purpose of cleaning out the chamber. An adjustable deflecting plate is mounted in the pocket 2 for deflecting the air admitted therein through the damper opening, into the vaporizing chamber 1 and for deflecting the vaporized fuel through the opening 13 into the combustion chamber 3. Said deflecting plate rests upon the lower wall of the pocket 2 between a slidable door 21 at the side of the pocket and a lug 22 extending upwardly from the lower wall of the pocket so that the upper end of the plate may swing across the pocket in accordance with the position of the inner edge of the damper 9. Flanges 23 are provided at the sides of the plate 20 which engage opposite side walls of the pocket 2 with sufiicient friction to hold the plate in any position in which it may be left in the pocket. A handle 25 is provided on the outer end of the damper'9 for sliding the damper into open or closed positions. A rod 26 is connected to the deflecting plate 20 which extends through the door 21 and is provided with a handle 27 at its outer end, whereby the plate may be swung into difl'erent deflecting positions within'the pocket. A depending flange 28 is provided at the inner edge of the damper 9 for engaging the upper edge of the deflecting plate 20 and swinging the upper end of the plate inwardly toward the chamber 1 as the damper is moved toward its closing position.

An air pipe 30 extends through the lower end of the combustion chamber casing 8 and the plate flange 7 and communicates with the draft nozzle 4 at the lower end thereof for the admission of air thereinto. The side wall of the nozzle is preferably conical and parallel with the casing wall 8 of the combustion chamber, providing an annular combustion space within the chamber. The side wall of the nozzle is provided with ports 36 through which air is admitted from the nozzle into the combustion space 35 of the combustion chamber 3 to support combustion of the vaporized fuel therein, said ports being preferably arranged in rows extending spirally of the nozzle. The top of the nozzle through which the products of combustion of the combustion chamber escape.

Oil is supplied to the oil vaporizingchamber 1 through pipe 50 from oil tank 51. The oil tank may be of such size and so lo. catedthat the oil therein cannot overflow the oil vaporizing chamber 1.

A valve 55 controls the supply of oil from said tank to the oil vaporizing chamber 1. The valve may be set to control the su ply of a definite amount of oil from the ta 51 through pipe 50 to chamber '1, by means of a butterfly nut 60 on the end of a threaded arm 61 secured to said pipe, which nut is adapted to engage an arm 62 on the valve handle 63 to hold the valve in a definite open position or in closed position.

- An overflow pipe 64 is coupled to the pipe between the valve and the chamber 1 by coupling 56 screwed on the pipe 50 so that the oil will overflow through the overflow pipe 64 from the supply pipe 50 when the oil in the chamber 1 reaches a predetermined level. The coupling and overflow pipe may be turned on the pipe 50 so that the oil will overflow through the overflow pipe from the supply pipe when the oil in ,I

the chamber 1- rises to different predetermined levels.

The operation of the heater is as follows: The damper 9 is first drawn open and the deflector 20 is drawn outwarduntil its uplighted match or other ignition element is thrown through the air openin controlled by the damper, into the cham r 1. The

valve 55 is opened so as to permit the desired amount of oil to flow from the tank51 through pipe 50 into the bottom of the oil chamber 1 and the overflow pipe 64 may be positioned so as to cause any oil above the desired amount to overflow from thepipe' 50. The oil overflowing into the chamber 1 is ignited by the lighted match or other ignition device in the chamber 1 and the air entering the chamber 1 through the damper controlled opening furnishes air of combustion for the burning oil in said" chamber. The burning vapor of the burning oil rises and is deflected by deflectors 12 and 20 through openings 13 and 6 into the annular combustion chamber space 35. Air is admitted through the nozzle ports 36 and ports 40 in casing 8 which supports and-effects complete combustion of the vaporized oil fuel in the combustion chamber. The spiral arrangement of the ports 36 and 40 effects a circulation of the air and vaporized oil fuel and a thorou h mixture thereof in products of combustion escape from. the

combustion chamberthrough the duct 45. As the fuelburns in thecombustion chamber, considerable heat. passes downward I therefrom into-the fuelvaporizing chamber 1", wherebythe vaporized fuel in said chamber is heated before it reaches the combustion chamber, so that the fuel is readily ignited and easily and eflicientlyburned in the combustion 'chamber..

The heater may be readily taken apart to clean it. The combustion chamber casing 8 may be sli ped off the flange 7 of the plate 5. The p ate 5 may be removed from the top of the vaporizing chamber 1. v The plate 12 may then be removed from the combustion. chamber and the damper 9 removed from the top of the pocket 2. The door 21 and deflecting plate 20 may then be removed from the pocket 2. V

' The heater may be used for heating orchards, housesor for other heating purposes.

In case the damper 9 should be accidentally opened farther than necessary when the heater is in operation, the deflecting-plate will remain where itis and prevent any ad:

ditional air entering the pocket 2.

I Upon taking out the door 21 and deflector I 20 from the pocket 2, the chamber 1 may be per end engages the damper flange 28. A

cleaned by scraping the deposits thereon up the lower inclined pocket wall and out through the side of the pocket.

I claim; 1. .A heater comprising a fuel vaporizing chamber, a combustion chamber located above saidfuel chamber, means for supplying oil to said vaporizing chamber, a pocket communicating with said fuel vaporizing chamber, a damper for controlling the. admission of air into said pocket, a deflector in said pocket for deflecting the air admitted into said pocket into said vaporizing chamber and to deflect the vaporized fuel in said vaporizing chamber into said combustion chamber, and an'air nozzle within said combustion chamber for supplying air to the combustion chamber to support combustion of the vaporized fuel which passes into said combustion chamber.

A heater comprising a fuel vaporizing chamber, a combustion chamber located above said vaporizing chamber, means for supplying oil to said vaporizing chamber, means for supplying air to said vaporizing chamber, a removable vapor deflecting plate between said vaporizing chamber and said combustion chamber, said combustion chamber communicating with said vaporizing chamber at the side of said plate to allow the vaporized fuel to be deflected by said deflecting plate from said vaporizing chamber into said combustion chamber, and an air nozzle within said combustion chamber for supplying air to said combustion chamber to support combustion of the vaporized fuel in said chamber, said combustion chamber and said nozzle being removable from the heater to permit removal of the deflecting plate from the vaporizing chamber.

3. A heater comprising a vaporizing chamber, a combustion chamber located above said vaporizing chamber and communicating therewith, a pocket communicating with said vaporizing chamber, a damper for controlling the admission of air into said pocket, at deflecting plate in said pocket for deflecting said air into the vaporizing chamber and for deflecting the vaporized fuel in said vaporizing chamber into said combustion chamber, a nozzle in said combustion chamber for supplying air thereinto to support combustion of the vaporized fuel in said combustion chamber, and a door in said pocket, said damper, said door and said deflecting plate being removable from said pocket to permit cleaning of the heater.

4. A heater comprising a fuel vaporizing chamber, a combustion chamber arranged above said vaporizing chamber, means for.

vaporizing chamber into said combustion chamber, said ports being arranged spirally of said combustion chamber.

5. A heater comprising a fuel vaporizing chamber, a combustion chamber located above said vaporizing chamber, means for supplying oil to said vaporizing chamber, means for supplying air to said vaporizing chamber, the walls of said combustion chamber being provided with ports for the admission of air into the chamber, and an air nozzle within said combustion chamber, said ports in the wall of said combustion chamber and said nozzle being adapted to supply air into the combustion chamber to support combustion of the vaporized fuel passing from said vaporizing chamber into said combustion chamber, the ports in said nozzle being arranged spirally thereof, and the ports in the wall of said combustion chamber being arranged spirally of said chamber.

6. A heater comprising a fuel vaporizing chamber, a combustion chamber located above said vaporizing chamber, means for supplying oil to said vaporizing chamber, a closed pocket communicating with said fuel vaporizing chamber, a damper for controlling the admission of air into said pocket and a deflector in said pocket for deflecting the air admitted into said pocket, into said vaporizing chamber and to deflect the vaporized fuel in said vaporizing chamber into said combustion chamber, and means for supplying air to the combustion chamber to support combustion of the vaporized fuel which passes into said combustion chamber.

7. A heater comprising a fuel vaporizing chamber, a combustion chamber located above said vaporizing chamber, means for supplying oil to said vaporizing chamber, means for supplying air to said vaporizing chamber, a removable deflecting plate between said vaporizing chamber and said combustion chamber, said combustion chamber communicating with said vaporizing chamber at the side of said plate to allow the vaporized fuel to be deflected by said deflecting plate from said vaporizing chamber into said combustion chamber.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

WVILLIAM C. ADAMS. 

